This mountain which is the tallest in the surrounding regions of Jerusalem, 730m from sea level, consists of a mountain range with three peaks. The southern peak of the Ascension of Christ, where all the Christian shrines of the Mount of Olives are concentrated. On the northern peak, Mont Scopus, on which is built the Jewish University of Jerusalem. The middle peak with the Hospital Augusta Victoria, dedicated to the wife of the German emperor Wilhelm 2nd. In Jewish it is called Har-Hazeitim, meaning Mount of Olives or simply E-tour.
From the 4th century, the Mount of Olives attracted many Christian pilgrims and monks and on it were built many bethels, churches and monasteries. One Christian foot journey of the 6th century numbered 24 churches and shrines on the mountain, the most important of which were:
